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New Challenges, New Opportunities and New Measures for Oil and Gas Cooperation in the Belt and Road

Yu-pu Wang,He Liu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第4期页码 301-313 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016055

摘要： First-mover advantage and solid foundation of oil and gas cooperation is very important to the Belt and Road Initiative. Deeply studied opportunities and challenges of oil and gas cooperation have far-reaching significance to the cooperation in other industries in the Belt and Road. In this article, based on the systematic analysis of the oil and gas supply security, investment environment, regional win-win situation in oil and gas cooperation, new opportunities and challenges about upstream, pipeline, refining, trade, warehousing, engineering technology and equipment are studied. Enhancing capacities in four areas and implementing the 16 measures are given for deepening oil and gas cooperation in the future. Meanwhile, this article also gives suggestions and cooperation directions for countries and companies.

关键词： the Belt and Road oil & gas cooperation new challenges new opportunities new measures

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Bridging reliability and operations management for superior system availability: Challenges and opportunities

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 391-405 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0206-4

摘要： Recently, firms have begun to handle the design, manufacturing, and maintenance of capital goods through a consolidated mechanism called the integrated product-service system. This new paradigm enables firms to deliver high-reliability products while lowering the ownership cost. Hence, holistic optimization models must be proposed for jointly allocating reliability, maintenance, and spare parts inventory across the entire value chain. In the existing literature, these decisions are often made fragmentally, thus resulting in local optimality. This study reviews the extant works pertaining to reliability-redundancy allocation, preventative maintenance, and spare parts logistics models. We discuss the challenges and opportunities of consolidating these decisions under an integrated reliability-maintenance-inventory framework for attaining superior system availability. Specific interest is focused on the new product introduction phase in which firms face a variety of uncertainties, including installed base, usage, reliability, and trade policy. The goal is to call for tackling the integrated reliability-maintenance-inventory allocation model under a nonstationary operating condition. Finally, we place the integrated allocation model in the semiconductor equipment industry and show how the firm deploys reliability initiatives and after-sale support logistics to ensure the fleet uptime for its global customers.

关键词： system availability product-service integration installed base new product introduction service supply chain reliability-maintenance-inventory optimization

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Challenges of NK cell-based immunotherapy in the new era

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第4期页码 440-450 doi: tzg@ustc.edu.cn

摘要：

Natural killer cells (NKs) have a great potential for cancer immunotherapy because they can rapidly and directly kill transformed cells in the absence of antigen presensitization. Various cellular sources, including peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), stem cells, and NK cell lines, have been used for producing NK cells. In particular, NK cells that expanded from allogeneic PBMCs exhibit better efficacy than those that did not. However, considering the safety, activities, and reliability of the cell products, researchers must develop an optimal protocol for producing NK cells from PBMCs in the manufacture setting and clinical therapeutic regimen. In this review, the challenges on NK cell-based therapeutic approaches and clinical outcomes are discussed.

关键词： natural killer cells immunotherapy adoptive transfer genetic modification immune checkpoint inhibitor

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氢储能在我国新型电力系统中的应用价值、挑战及展望

许传博 ,刘建国

《中国工程科学》 2022年第24卷第3期页码 89-99 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.03.010

摘要：

加快发展氢能产业，是应对实现“碳达峰、碳中和”目标和保障国家能源安全的战略选择。氢储能具有跨季节、跨区域和大规模存储的优势，同时具备一定的快速响应能力，在新型电力系统的“源网荷”各个环节均有很强的应用价值。本文剖析了氢储能相对其他储能技术的优势，阐述了新型电力系统对氢能的诉求，并构建了氢储能在新型电力系统“源网荷”中的应用价值体系。研究认为，氢储能在储存容量和放电时长等性能指标上可满足新型电力系统的要求，但在投资成本和转化效率方面与要求仍有一定差距；氢能系统与电力系统缺乏跨领域协同，氢储能在新型电力系统中的应用缺少相应的激励配套政策；在可再生能源制氢、电氢耦合运行控制和氢燃料电池发电等方面仍存在标准体系不健全甚至空白的问题。为此本文建议，现阶段应以效率高、成本低“电‒ 氢”广义氢储能方式为主，“电‒ 氢‒ 电”狭义氢储能方式为辅；充分发挥氢能市场、电力市场和碳市场力量，促进氢储能低碳低成本健康发展；积极探索氢能在不同距离尺度下的运输方式组合，解决氢能资源与负荷逆向分布难题；加快完善电氢耦合产业新型标准体系建设，抢占国际标准化制高点。

关键词：氢储能；新型电力系统；氢储存技术；新能源发电

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齐岳山隧道F11高压富水断层带注浆施工技术

卓越,孙国庆

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第12期页码 82-86

摘要：

隧道岩溶、断裂带等高压涌水是隧道修建中比较难以解决的问题，隧道突涌水地质灾害频繁发生，成为影响隧道施工和安全的主要障碍。宜万铁路齐岳山隧道所穿越暗河、溶洞、断层破碎带等不良地质高压突涌水地段，给施工带来很大的困难。目前正在施工的齐岳山隧道F11断层破碎带，水压高、水量大、地质条件复杂，成为唯一制约全线的主要技术难题。以平导F11断层的注浆施工治水防坍为实例，介绍F11高水压断裂带治水防坍新方案、新工艺及效果检查新方法等，为以后类似工程积累经验。

关键词：齐岳山隧道断层破碎带技术难题新方案新工艺效果检查

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Global challenges of food safety for China

Joseph J. JEN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第3期页码 291-293 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017167

摘要：

Ever since the Melamine event, China has faced challenges of food safety both domestically and globally. With the economic development, the Chinese consumers are demanding high quality, nutritious, and safe foods from the food industry but are not willing to pay higher prices. The Chinese food chain system of mostly small and medium enterprises presents challenges to the government to monitor and implement food safety laws and regulations. The academia and media are learning to take on their responsibilities with some success. Discussions and potential solutions of the global challenges of the five pillars for the food safety in China are presented here.

关键词： food safety challenges food industry government academia media consumer

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Energy internet in the Yangtze River Delta: opportunities, challenges, and suggestions

Zheng YAN, Jiayi HU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第4期页码 484-492 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0600-0

摘要：

Energy internet is an Internet of Things (IoT) based network, which combines the multi-energy flows and the information flows. In this review, the opportunities and the challenges posed to developing energy internet in the Yangtze River Delta are analyzed concerning detailed analysis of its advantages in various aspects and problems of its energy systems. Then the framework of energy internet in the Yangtze River Delta is constructed, according to which specific suggestions are also provided. This review is dedicated to helping the policy makers to draw the roadmap of future-oriented energy internet.

关键词： energy internet opportunities challenges suggestions the Yangtze River Delta

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新一代中国高速铁路动车组面临的技术挑战与策略研究

缪炳荣,张卫华,邓永权,李旭娟,梅桂明

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第4期页码 98-102

摘要：

基于新一代中国高速列车（动车组）关键技术的研究发展趋势和策略问题进行详细讨论和技术展望。主要内容包括：首先，介绍国际先进轨道车辆制造商在其新一代车辆开发过程中采用的先进设计技术和理念，分层次研究其各自的核心技术特点和未来其可能的技术发展趋势。其次，在国内外文献研究的基础上，结合中国高速铁路车辆发展的自身特点和实际情况，针对具体的牵引传动技术、转向架技术、车体设计技术等可能面临的核心技术难题，提出一些分析建议。最后，在综合考虑轨道车辆造型发展趋势及设计原则的基础上，根据集成设计的理论与多学科优化设计方法，针对新一代中国高速铁路动车组可能面临的重大技术挑战与策略和改进措施的研究提出一些明确的建议。总之，通过本文的初步研究，希望可以对我国高速列车未来的发展方向和趋势提出一些有益的建议。

关键词：高速铁路；高速列车；新一代；关键技术；集成设计；多学科优化

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Emerging challenges to structural integrity technology for high-temperature applications

TU Shantung

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第2卷第4期页码 375-387 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0066-y

摘要： Structural integrity technology has been widely used with great success for the design, manufacture and failure prevention of modern constructions such as chemical and petrochemical plants, power generation and energy conversion systems, as well as space and oceanic exploration. The modern needs of structural integrity technology are largely attributed to the increase of service temperature of the structures that results in the efficiency improvement in energy conversion and chemical processing technologies. Besides the needs arising from large-scale high-temperature plants, the high tech developments, such as micro chemo-mechanical systems and high-power electronics, provide new challenges to structural integrity technology. The present paper summarizes the recent technical progresses in large process plants and the aviation industry, micro chemo-mechanical systems, fuel cells, high-temperature electronics, and packaging and coating technologies. The state-of-the-art of structural integrity technology for high temperature applications is reviewed. Suggestions are provided for the improvement of current design and assessment methods.

关键词： manufacture aviation industry conversion petrochemical temperature

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Current scenario and challenges of plastic pollution in Bangladesh: a focus on farmlands and terrestrial

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1666-4

摘要：

● A global snapshot of plastic waste generation and disposal is analysed.

关键词： Plastic waste Farmlands Terrestrial ecosystem Marine life

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GLOBAL GENOMIC PREDICTION IN HORTICULTURAL CROPS: PROMISES, PROGRESS, CHALLENGES AND OUTLOOK

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第2期

摘要：

Horticultural crops are a major source of high value nutritious food, and new improved cultivars developed through breeding are required for sustainable production in the face of abiotic and biotic stresses, and to deliver novel, premium products to consumers. However, grower confidence in the performance of new germplasm, particularly across environmental variability, is important for commercial adoption and germplasm-environment matching to optimize production.

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Practices, challenges, and opportunities: HIV/AIDS treatment with traditional Chinese medicine in China

Jian Wang, Wen Zou

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第2期页码 123-126 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0124-z

摘要： Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has become widely used in the treatment of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in China in recent years. In this article, we summarize the recent major developments in human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS (HIV/AIDS) treatment with TCM. The use of TCM is associated with preventing or alleviating HIV-related symptoms, reducing treatment side effects, and improving the quality of life. The potential beneficial effects of TCM should be confirmed through extensive and rigorous trials.

关键词： HIV/AIDS traditional Chinese medicine

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新阶段巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果面临的挑战与政策建议

程国强,邓秀新

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第5期页码 148-156 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.05.019

摘要：

巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果，防止规模性返贫，是“十四五”时期必须守住的底线任务，为此要强化返贫风险治理，实施“分类施策、精准帮扶”策略，促进建立巩固脱贫攻坚成果的长效机制。本文分析了新发展阶段巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果面临的挑战，主要有脱贫人口返贫风险成因复杂、扶贫产业可持续发展能力不强、乡村卫生健康事业发展仍然滞后、脱贫地区农村饮用水安全保障不足、乡村治理不能适应新形势要求等，总结了巩固拓展扶贫攻坚成果的基本思路，从注重增加制度供给、破解资源环境约束、激发脱贫人口内生动力等3 个方面提出了巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果的关键任务，并针对性地提出了政策建议。本文从构建农村低收入人口识别机制、实施扶贫产业提质增效工程、提升乡村治理能力、实施乡村名医堂工程、加强农村饮水质量安全保障等5 个方面提出了巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果的政策建议。

关键词：返贫，农村低收入人口，乡村振兴，扶贫产业，脱贫攻坚

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Microbial biodegradation of plastics: Challenges, opportunities, and a critical perspective

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第12期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1596-6

摘要：

● Health hazards of plastic waste on environment are discussed.

关键词： Plastic-waste Polymers Health-hazards Biodegradation Microorganisms Enzymes

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Attributes, challenges and future directions of community resilience

Bo MENG, Nan LI, Dongping FANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第3期页码 307-323 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018030

摘要：

With the continuous development of human society, the damage to the natural environment is becoming increasingly large, causing crisis events to occur frequently. In recent years, the study of community resilience is becoming popular among scholars because of its perspective on disaster prevention and mitigation. In this study, we apply database retrieval to untangle community resilience-related papers from multiple directions. We analyze the connotation, attribute, and composition of community, resilience, and community resilience comprehensively by summarizing important issues and research progress in community resilience. Challenges and shortcomings faced by community resilience development are also determined. Moreover, we put forward the research directions that future research can focus on. Through literature review, current research on community resilience focuses on the following aspects: “infrastructure construction,” “crowd in the community,” “economic resilience,” “social capital,” and “measurement of community resilience.” Such research is not yet systematic and relatively decentralized. The attention to collective resilience in the community is relatively weak, which makes achieving the goal of “people-oriented and systematic control” difficult. Therefore, this study states that the development of future community resilience should stand from the perspective of “system of system” and build on knowledge and tools of various relevant domains. Therefore, public needs and participation are highlighted as breakthrough points. The research should integrate infrastructure and economic resilience, social resource allocation, network connection, and other aspects to build a holistic and functional resilient community.

关键词： community resilience literature analysis resilience attribute social resource future direction